FIN621 Assignment No.1

Semester “FALL 2010”

Assignment No. 01

Marks: 20

Shown below are the Trial Balance and Adjusted Trial Balance of the New Star Services owned by Mr. Nasir for the month ended December 31, 2009. Requirements: A. You are required to compare the two Trial Balances given above and prepare the adjusted journal entries that cause the changes in account balances. B. You are also required to include an explanation (narration) as part of each adjusting entry.

BNK601 GDB Announcement

Semester Fall 2010

“Banking Laws & Practices (BNK601)”

This is to inform that Graded Discussion Board (GDB) will be opened according to the following schedule

Schedule:Opening Date and TimeOct 26,2010 At 12:01 AM
Closing Date and TimeOct 27,2010 At 11:59 PM

Topic/Area for Discussion
“Financial Instruments & differences among them”

Note: The discussion question will be from the area/topic mentioned above. So start learning about the topic now.

CS601 Assignment # 1 Solution

Question 1:
Compare the telephone network and the Internet. What are the similarities? What are the differences?

Now the telephone industry has raised a new complaint—Internet subscribers are screwing up

telephone networks because the networks weren't designed for Internet connections. Phone

companies just can't get it through their monopoly mindset that when customer demand patterns change, the service has to change. They don't understand that in the new world of competition, the ability to offer the service that customers want will be the difference between success and failure.

The access charge issue

An ISP is something like a long distance phone company, in that it gives subscribers access to a long distance communications network. Both the ISP and the long distance carrier incorporate local phone connections in their overall network. Both pay the local phone company for, in effect, reselling the capacity of the local phone network. But they pay different rates. The ISP pays the same rate as any business that uses the phone network to make local calls. The long distance carrier pays "access charges." Access charges are much higher than local phone rates, as high as five cents per minute.

Access charges originated in the early 1980s as an FCC-sanctioned way for long distance service to subsidize local phone service. In 1987, well before the Internet became popular, the phone companies wanted the FCC to apply access charges to enhanced service packet data networks like Telenet and Tymnet, but Congress objected, and everyone lost interest in the issue. Now, with the rise of Internet telephony, the phone companies are at it again. They want their subsidies.

The current expectation is that the FCC will overhaul access charges in the 1997–'98 time frame. ISPs will have to pay access charges. But the rates will be knocked down from five cents per minute to a few tenths of a cent.

The network design issue

The new argument from the phone companies is that Internet traffic is different from voice traffic, so different that it could crash the phone network.

Wait a minute. Let's take a closer look at this argument. Sure, phone call durations might be longer when I surf the 'Net than when I talk to my mother in Florida, but what are the cost and engineering implications?

By the way, even the phone industry agrees that voice call durations have increased over the years. It used to be that an average phone call would last four minutes; now, the phone industry uses nine minutes as the average holding time.

My local loop and the connection to the local phone switch are dedicated to my phone number, whether I use it or not. The cost is independent of the duration of my calls.

The local switch gives me dialtone, interprets my dial pulses and arranges for a path through the network to be established. But that happens only when the call is dialed. After that, the switch circuitry goes on to set up the next call. Most of the usage of the telephone switch circuitry is independent of call duration.

But the phone industry is right about one element. There is a part of the network that is affected by call duration, the trunking between local switches. This is because the phone network assigns a circuit full time to a connection between switches, even though you might be sending and receiving data packets only sporadically.

But rather than figuring out how these trunks can be shared among multiple Internet connections so they can be used more efficiently, the phone companies are now spreading scare stories about the Internet causing a possible "meltdown" of the phone network.

The monopoly mindset

It's the same old story, but now with the local phone monopolies instead of a single nationwide Ma Bell. "Here's our network and our service; you must tailor your demand so it fits what we have."

Let's look at another part of the Internet, the intercity high-speed data circuits between ISPs. One of the leading suppliers of this service is MCI. MCI took its intercity fiber network, which was installed for voice telephone traffic, and figured out how to use it efficiently for high-speed data.

MCI saw the Internet as an opportunity, not a threat, and modified its network design to satisfy user needs. And the company earned a profit while doing it.

The phone company engineering philosophy has been stability, not agility. But the world is changing. Stability fits quite nicely with a monopoly environment. But "brand loyalty" is on its way out. Have you noticed that in the cable industry? It applies to the phone industry as well.

In the world of competition, companies must change, or die.

Question 2:

Draw a hybrid topology with a bus backbone connecting two ring backbones. Each ring backbone connects three star networks? [5 marks]


Solution:-

Question No. 3 Ans:

Formula : n(n-1)/2 so we put 8 

8(8-1)/2

=28

So 7 ports and 28 cables

CS101 Assignment's Solution

Computer Description Cost Performance Reliability Size Installed In Numbers

Super Computer Very Costly in Millions Good (Pak Automic Energy) Reliable but less then main frame More than 25 Acres Land Required These are in few numbers

Main Frame Costly but less than super computer Very Good (used in PIA, etc) More Reliable than super computer Less size than super computer These are in more numbers than super computer

Personal Computers Less costly than main frame Very Very Good (used in Offices, business org. etc) More Reilable than main frame Small size than main frame These are in large numbers

PDA’s Costly than Personal Computers Exception Performance(used in multipurpose) More Reliable than Personal Computer Very small size than personal computer These are also available in large numbers

Question 2 (Marks=5)

Differentiate Between Static RAM and Dynamic RAM in Tabular form. ANY TWO Differences
( 2.5 + 2.5 = 5)

 SRAM (static RAM). This type of memory maintains data in storage as long as it is powered. Because it is faster and more reliable and expensive than DRAM, SRAM is most often used as cache memory. Earlier forms of SRAM were classified as Async or Sync RAM if they were synchronized with the system clock. The most common type of SRAM today is pipeline burst SRAM, which can operate at higher bus speeds.

DRAM (dynamic RAM). This type of RAM retains its data by being continuously rewritten every few milliseconds. Like SRAM, the data in storage is volatile, meaning it is lost when the system is not powered. DRAM is the most common type of expandable company memory in workstations and servers today, but there are several different types of DRAM.

Another Solution:-

Static RAM (SRAM)

1. 4 times more expensive
2. Very low access time
3. Can store ¼ as much
4. Information stored on RS flip-flops
5. No need for refreshing

Dynamic RAM (DRAM)

1. Low cost
2. Consumes less power
3. Can store 4 times as much
4. Information stored on FET transistors
5. Needs to be refreshed
 

Another Solution:-

STATIC RAM vs DYNAMIC RAM
Firstly we anxious with static RAM
1)it does not loose signal strength.
2)no refreshing.
3)They made of transistors.

Where as Dynamic RAM
1)looses its signal 1 becomes 0
2)periodic refreshing of memory is needed.
3)These are mostly made of capacitors.

PHY101 Assignment 1 - Solution

Q # 1: Consider a box that is placed on different surfaces. Marks = 10

a) In which situation (s) is there no force acting on the box?
b) In which situation (s) is there a static friction force acting on the box?
c) In which situation (s) is there a kinetic friction force acting on the box?
 

Various possible situations are as under:
 

I. The box is at rest on a rough horizontal surface.
 

II. The box is at rest on a rough tilted surface.

III. The box is on the rough-surfaced flat bed of a truck- the truck is moving at a constant velocity on a straight, level road and the box remains in the same place in the middle of the truck bed.

IV. The box is on the rough-surfaced flat bed of a truck- the truck is speeding up on a straight, level road, and box remains in the same place in the middle of the truck bed.

V. The box is on the rough-surfaced flat bed of a truck- the truck is climbing a hill, and the box is sliding towards the back of the truck.

Solution: Answer Q1.

Answer (a) (I), (iii)

Answer (b) (ii), (IV)

Answer (c) (v)

In situation (I) and (ii) the box is not accelerating (so the net force on it must be zero) and there is no other force acting parallel to the horizontal surface; hence no friction force is needed to prevent sliding. In situation (ii) and (IV) the box would start to slide over the surface if no friction were present, so a static fraction force must act to prevent this.

In situation (V) the box is sliding over a rough surface, so a kinetic friction force acts on it.

Q # 2 A spaceship is moving in the vacuum of outer space, far from any planet, when its engine dies. As a result, the spaceship slows down and stops. What does Newton‘s first law say about this event? Marks = 5

Solution:-

In this situation there are no forces acting on the spaceship, so according to Newton’s first law, it will not stop. It continues to move in a straight line with constant speed, some science fiction movies have made use of very accurate science; this was not one of them.

Q # 3: A traffic light of weight W hangs from two light cables; one on each side of the light. Each cable hangs at a 450 angle from the horizontal. What I the tension in each cable? Marks = 5

MTH101 Assignment # 1 Solution

Assignment #1

 MTH101 (Fall 2010)

                                                                                              Maximum Marks: 30                                                                                       

                                                                                                     Due Date: Nov 03, 2010

DON’T MISS THESE: Important instructions before attempting the solution of this assignment:

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lectures.

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Question 1;                                                                                                           Marks:10        

  
Solve the two sided inequality and show the solution on real line

7 < 1-2x ≤ 10

Step 1: subtract 1 from both sides and we get

6<-2x<9

Step2: divide by -2 on both sides and we get

-3>x>-5

(note: symbols are reversed with a negative operation)

So x can have a value between -3 and or equal to -5

ß--|---|-----|-----|----|---0--------------------------------à

     -5   -4     -3   -2   -1

 

Question 2;                                                                                                         Marks: 10

 Given two functions as:

f(x) =    and g(x) =  

Find fog(x) also find the domain of f, g  and  fog

Solution:

Fog(x)=f(g(x))

fog(x)=(g(x))²-(g(x))-1

fog(x)=(3/x)²-(3/x)-1

fog(x)=(9/x²)-3/x-1

fog(x)= -(x²-3x+9)/x²

(note: domain and ranges are to be found out yourselves, listen to lecture No. 6 for this)

Question 3;                                                                                                         Marks:10

Simplify, then apply the rules of limit to  evaluate

Solution:

Lim(x->3) x(x²-5x+6) / x²-3²

Lim(x->3) x(x²-3x-2x+6) / (x-3)(x+3)

Lim(x->3) x(x(x-3)-2(x-3)) / (x-3)(x+3)

Lim(x->3) x((x-3)(x-2)) / (x-3)(x+3)

Lim(x->3) x(x-2) /(x+3)

Now applying limits lim x->3

=3(3-2)/3+3

=3(1)/6

=3/6

=½

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 

Eco402 Assignment No. 1

Assignment 01 ECO402

(Fall 2010)
Total Marks 20
Question 01:
Suppose for market of wheat the supply and demand equations in year
2010 are:
Q
d= 850 – 25P 
Q
s=500 + 45P 
A. Calculate the equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity of wheat for
2010.
B. Calculate the elasticity of demand and elasticity of supply; what do
you conclude from these answers whether these are elastic or
inelastic.

(Marks = 5+5)

Important Note:

•
Just calculate to the point in each part.NOneed to write irrelevant 
material or extra interpretation.
Question 02:
The following table shows the quantity of mangoes consumed and total
utility derived from consuming these mangoes.
Quantity of
mangoes
Consumed
Total Utility
0 0
1 10
2 18
3 24
4 28
5 30
6 30
7 28
8 24
A. From the information given in above table, calculate the marginal
utility at each point.
B. Draw Marginal Utility curve.

(7+3)

Important Note:

•
Draw graph of marginal utility by yourself. DoNOTcopy from any source. 
NO
need to write irrelevant material. 
•
Graphs are very important in Economics course. This assignment will 
enhance your skill of drawing graphs. A complete procedure of
“How to 
draw graphs in MS-Word”
is uploaded on announcement page of LMS. 
Get help from that uploaded file to solve this assignment.