Phy101 Assignment No. 1 solution

Naturalistic Observation

Type of observation in which the phenomenon of interest is studied/observed in the natural setting without any interference by the observer; The observer may make narrative records, take field notes, use audio or video equipment, or may use a combination of some or all strategies.


Example:

Let's imagine that you want to study differences in risk taking behavior between teenage boys and girls. You might choose to observe behavior in a few different settings, such as on a sledding hill, a rock-climbing wall, an ice-skating rink and a bumper car ride. After you operationally define "risk-taking behavior," you would then observe teens in these settings and record every incidence of what you define as a risky behavior.


Self-Actualization
Self-actualization is a state of self-fulfillment in which people realize their
optimal potential.


Example:
A girl having a spirit to achieve a good post.

Operant Conditioning
Operant conditioning approaches uses the rewards and punishment strategies for modifying behaviors.


Example:
If a mother wants her daughter to clean her room then she may give her some
sweets every time she cleans it. Given enough time, the girl will start to clean her room more often because she knows she eill get some sweets in return. As a result, the girl’s behavior has been modified, because she learnt to associate
that behavior with a reward.

Empathy
The ability to feel what the client feels.

Example:


Your co-worker has been stabbed in the back by another co-worker and his job is on the line. He could be fired any minute and he’s terrified – the bills aren’t going to pay themselves, you know! Your co-worker turns to you for support

Projection
Attributing one’s unwanted thoughts and impulses to others e.g. a person takes bribe and blames the organization for paying him not enough salary.

Example:
If you have a strong dislike for someone, you might instead believe that he or she does not like you


Observational Learning

Learning the experiences through modeling and imitation. The patient observes
others perform the behavior that he finds difficult to perform. This can be done with live modeling or with video recording.

Example:

In our every life, this is true as well. There are many things that we can do differently if we have an open mind. One example for me would be incorporating school work into my daily schedule. When I first started school. I could not get in enough time to do everything in one day. I had to step back out of myself and find a good way to manage my time. I observed my other friends who were incorporating school into their life, and I had to come up with my own schedule. Observational learning is important in allowing up opening our minds and finding new and productive ways of doing things.


This can come in handy in both our personal and professional lives

Inferiority Complex
The feeling of being less able than others. It affects one’s relationship with others and his achievement in many ways.


Example:
Having different skin color than your peers, (for example you are dark skinned
and all of them are white) and being mocked for that

OR

Being called names like lazy or stupid by teachers and peers

Super Ego


According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory of personality, the superego is the component of personality composed of our internalized ideals that we have acquired from our parents and from society

Example:
Suppose you are a small child in a candy store. Your id is "screaming" for candy.

The conscience (part of the superego) is saying, "You know it is wrong to steal candy."

The ego decides that the best way to handle this dilemma is for you to go home and ask your mother for your allowance. Then you can go back and buy the candy, satisfying both the id and the superego.


Classical Conditioning
Is a type of learning in which a previously neutral stimulus starts eliciting a
response that was originally attached to a natural stimulus, because the neutral stimulus has been closely associated with the other stimulus.

Example:
If a particular academic subject or remembering a particular teacher produces emotional feelings in you, those emotions are probably a result of classical conditioning.


Reinforcement
Increasing the probability that preceding behavior will be repeated through a stimulus.

Example:
Rat is placed in a cage and immediately receives a mild electrical shock on its
feet. The shock is a negative condition for the rat. The rat presses a bar and the shock stops. The rat receives another shock, presses the bar again, and again the shock stops.

The rat's behavior of pressing the bar is strengthened by the consequence of the stopping of the shock.

Phy101 Assignment No. 1 solution

Naturalistic Observation

Type of observation in which the phenomenon of interest is studied/observed in the natural setting without any interference by the observer; The observer may make narrative records, take field notes, use audio or video equipment, or may use a combination of some or all strategies.

Example:

Let's imagine that you want to study differences in risk taking behavior between teenage boys and girls. You might choose to observe behavior in a few different settings, such as on a sledding hill, a rock-climbing wall, an ice-skating rink and a bumper car ride. After you operationally define "risk-taking behavior," you would then observe teens in these settings and record every incidence of what you define as a risky behavior.

Self-Actualization

Self-actualization is a state of self-fulfillment in which people realize their

optimal potential.

Example:

A girl having a spirit to achieve a good post.

Operant Conditioning

Operant conditioning approaches uses the rewards and punishment strategies for modifying behaviors.

Example:

If a mother wants her daughter to clean her room then she may give her some

sweets every time she cleans it. Given enough time, the girl will start to clean her room more often because she knows she eill get some sweets in return. As a result, the girl’s behavior has been modified, because she learnt to associate

that behavior with a reward.

Empathy

The ability to feel what the client feels.

Example:

Your co-worker has been stabbed in the back by another co-worker and his job is on the line. He could be fired any minute and he’s terrified – the bills aren’t going to pay themselves, you know! Your co-worker turns to you for support

Projection

Attributing one’s unwanted thoughts and impulses to others e.g. a person takes bribe and blames the organization for paying him not enough salary.

Example:

If you have a strong dislike for someone, you might instead believe that he or she does not like you

Observational Learning

Learning the experiences through modeling and imitation. The patient observes

others perform the behavior that he finds difficult to perform. This can be done with live modeling or with video recording.

Example:

In our every life, this is true as well. There are many things that we can do differently if we have an open mind. One example for me would be incorporating school work into my daily schedule. When I first started school. I could not get in enough time to do everything in one day. I had to step back out of myself and find a good way to manage my time. I observed my other friends who were incorporating school into their life, and I had to come up with my own schedule. Observational learning is important in allowing up opening our minds and finding new and productive ways of doing things.

This can come in handy in both our personal and professional lives

Inferiority Complex

The feeling of being less able than others. It affects one’s relationship with others and his achievement in many ways.

Example:

Having different skin color than your peers, (for example you are dark skinned

and all of them are white) and being mocked for that

OR

Being called names like lazy or stupid by teachers and peers

Super Ego

According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory of personality, the superego is the component of personality composed of our internalized ideals that we have acquired from our parents and from society

Example:

Suppose you are a small child in a candy store. Your id is "screaming" for candy.

The conscience (part of the superego) is saying, "You know it is wrong to steal candy."

The ego decides that the best way to handle this dilemma is for you to go home and ask your mother for your allowance. Then you can go back and buy the candy, satisfying both the id and the superego.

Classical Conditioning

Is a type of learning in which a previously neutral stimulus starts eliciting a

response that was originally attached to a natural stimulus, because the neutral stimulus has been closely associated with the other stimulus.

Example:

If a particular academic subject or remembering a particular teacher produces emotional feelings in you, those emotions are probably a result of classical conditioning.

Reinforcement

Increasing the probability that preceding behavior will be repeated through a stimulus.

Example:

Rat is placed in a cage and immediately receives a mild electrical shock on its

feet. The shock is a negative condition for the rat. The rat presses a bar and the shock stops. The rat receives another shock, presses the bar again, and again the shock stops.

The rat's behavior of pressing the bar is strengthened by the consequence of the stopping of the shock.

Phy101 Assignment No. 1 solution

PHYSICS (PHY101)

TOTAL MARKS: 20

Due Date: 18/04/2011

Question No. 1

If you have an umbrella, suddenly you have to face a rain storm with a strong wind, what determines the best position in which to hold an umbrella?                       Marks = 3

Answer:

The raindrops have a vertical velocity relative to the ground & you have a horizontal velocity when moving relative to the ground & so the raindrops can penetrate "under" the umbrella & wet your legs.

Question # 2

Does Newton‘s second law hold true for an observer in a car as it speeds up, slows down or rounds a corner?  

Answer: Marks = 5 

Yes it holds true.  An inertial reference frame is one in which Newton's First Law of Motion, the Law of Inertia, holds true. In such a frame, objects which have no force acting on them move in straight lines, with constant speed. Any deviation from such a motion is presumed to be due to a force whose magnitude and direction can be deduced by applying Newton's Second Law of Motion, the Force Law, to observations of that deviation. 

An observer who is at rest is in an inertial reference frame, and observers who are not at rest, but are moving with uniform (unchanging, straight-line) motion are also in inertial reference frames. Any acceleration, whether a change in speed, a change of direction (such as, in the example above, our motion around the Earth's axis of rotation), or both, puts observers who share in that acceleration in an ac  The observer inside the car, however, tends to use the car as his reference frame, just the same as if it were still at rest, and since it is accelerating, will perceive things differently from the observer who really is at rest. celerated reference frame.

Question No. 3

A dripping water faucet steadily releases drops 1.0 s apart. As these drops fall, will the distance between them increase, decrease, or remain the same? Prove your answer. Mark 5Answer:By supposing above scenario we ll apply this equation Change  in velocity= change in position /travel time According to this  equation with the fall successively downward the average velocity will increase and hence the distance between them will also increase 

Question # 4

The fastest measured pitched baseball left the pitcher’s hand at a speed of 55.0m/s. if the pitcher was in contact with the ball over a distance of 2.0m and produce constant acceleration, 

(a) what acceleration did he give the ball, and 

(b) how much time did it take him to pitch it?   

         

Answer: Marks = 7

(a) what acceleration did he give the ball

2as= vf2-vi22

(a)(2)=(55)^2-(0)

4(a)= 3 025

(a)=3025/4

a=756.25 m/s^2

(b) how much time did it take him to pitch it

t = v - u / a

= 55-0/756.25

=55 sec

PHY301 Assignment No. 2 Announced

Q.1: By using any division rule find voltage across 4kohm resistance.

Q.2: Use nodal analysis to find IO in the network given below. Identify and label each node otherwise you will lose your marks. Write each step of the calculation to get maximum marks and also mention the units of each derived value

Q.3: Use to write for each reference the equations (final calculations not required).

DON’T MISS THESE Important instructions:

• Labeled and draw each circuit diagram, other wise you will lose your marks. Write each step of the calculation to get maximum marks.

To solve this assignment, you should have good command over first 13 lectures.

Upload assignments properly through LMS, (No Assignment will be accepted through email).

Write your ID on the top of your solution file.

All students are directed to use the font and style of text as is used in this document.

Don’t use colorful back grounds in your solution files.

Use Math Type or Equation Editor etc for mathematical symbols.

Use Paint or Corel draw to draw circuit diagrams.

This is not a ***** assignment, it is an individual assignment so be careful and avoid copying others’ work. If some assignment is found to be copy of some other, both will be awarded zero marks. It also suggests you to keep your assignment safe from others. No excuse will be accepted by anyone if found to be copying or letting others copy.

Don’t wait for the last date to submit your assignment.

PHY301 Assignment No. 1 solution

 

 

 

 Assignment 1(Fall 2010)

CIRCUIT THEORY (PHY301)

MARKS: 30

Due Date: November 02, 2010

DON’T MISS THESE Important instructions:

         

·          To solve this assignment, you should have good command over first 6 lectures.

·          Upload assignments properly through LMS, (No Assignment will be accepted through email).

·           Write your ID on the top of your solution file.

·          All students are directed to use the font and style of text as is used in this document.

·          Don’t use colorful back grounds in your solution files.

·          Use Math Type or Equation Editor etc for mathematical symbols.

·         This is not a group assignment, it is an individual assignment so be careful and avoid copying others’ work. If some assignment is found to be copy of some other, both will be awarded zero marks. It also suggests you to keep your assignment safe from others. No excuse will be accepted by anyone if found to be copying or letting others copy.

·          Don’t wait for the last date to submit your assignment.

·          You can draw circuit diagrams in “Paint” or in “Corel Draw”. The simple and easy way is to copy the given image in Paint and do the required changes in it.

Q.1

Find the equivalent resistance of given circuit. Write each step of the calculation to get maximum marks. Draw the circuit diagram of each step otherwise you will lose your marks.

Q.2

For the given circuit below, find the current I₁, I_2, I₃ and voltage V_X

Q.3

Given below is a simple circuit containing a bulb (lamp), battery and two switches.

     

           

Describe the current flow in the circuit and Bulb (glow or not) for each given condition

1. When switch 1 and switch 2 both are not connected.
2. When switch 1 is connected and switch 2 is not connected.
3. When both switches are connected.